Globally, most people receive antiretroviral therapy (ART) in programmes that follow the WHO-recommended public health approach, using a small number of standard regimens and simplified monitoring.1 A single standard regimen—dolutegravir (an integrase strand transfer inhibitor [INSTI]) with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and lamivudine (both nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, [NRTIs])—is currently taken by the large majority of people on ART in these programmes, including those on second-line therapy (following previous failure of a non-NRTI regimen).
Tenofovir–lamivudine–dolutegravir (TLD) is recommended as an initial treatment regimen and a preferred optimised regimen for people living with HIV without a history of previous viral non-suppression, referred to as TLD in first-line therapy (TLD-1). For people living with HIV with persistent viral non-suppression, TLD largely replaced protease inhibitor-based regimens following efavirenz-based initial regimens, referred to as TLD in second-line therapy (TLD-2), as it is at least as effective, better tolerated, and more affordable.
WHO's global health sector strategies on HIV, conceived to guide the health sector in implementing strategically focused responses to achieve the goals of ending AIDS by 2030, target a reduction in the number of children aged 0–14 years newly infected with HIV from 150 000 in 2022 to 20 000 in 2025 and 15 000 in 2030.1 To track progress toward these targets, accurate estimations of the number of annual infections in children in each country is crucial. However, in many low-income and middle-income countries, where the burden of paediatric HIV is the highest, children are not systematically tested for HIV in programmes for the prevention of vertical transmission (PVT).
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Õðïõñãåßï Õãåßáò - Ïäçãßá Õ1/3239/2000
